Change: 66 kVp 20 mAscan usingor a66 kVp longer20mA time1sec iefor 1breathing secondtechnique FFD / SID 100 cm Central Ray Directed to T7 (to the midsaggital plane, midway between the jugular notch and the xiphoid process)Perpendicular to the IR Collimation Centre:   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 594)

Change: Moving or Stationary Grid Filter Decubitus filter over the superior thoracic spine, not required with DR CR Exposure 70kVp, 20 mAS with aluminium filter or 70kVp, 20mA, 1sec for breathing technique FFD / SID 115 cm Central Ray Directed to T7 (to the midsaggital   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 592)

Change:  patient is rotated so they are looking towards the right side.Demonstrating intervertebral disc spacesSuccessful demonstration of the intervertebral disc spaces is largely dependent on correct central ray angulation. Generally, the central ray is perpendicular to the film.   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 606)

Change:  The spinous processes are seen in the midline of the vertebral bodies (see notes below)The pedicles are equidistant from the vertebral body edges (see notes below)The mandibular angles are equidistant from the cervical spine Correct central ray angulation is evidenced by The intervertebral disc   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 399)

Change:  (this may need to be open wider in the case of scoliosis) Markers Superior and LateralMarker orientation AP Shielding Gonadal(check your department's policy guidelines) Respiration On suspended deep inspiration or gentle breathing for breathing technique Positioning The patient is supine on the table bucky, arms at their sides   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 333)

Change: so it is in line with the midline of the IR Ensure there is no patient rotation Flexing Flexing the patient's knees up, with the soles of their feet flat on the table helps to reduce the curve of the lower back and is often more comfortable for the patient   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 321)

Change: the midsaggital plane, midway between the jugular notch and the xiphoid processC7Shutter A: Open to include theC7 hyoidthrough boneto L1Shutter B: Open approximately 10 - 12 cmto (5include -the 6entire inches)thoracic tospine, includeincluding the soft   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 297)

Change: Flexing the patient's knees up, with the soles of their feet flat on the table helps to reduce the curve of the lower back and is often most comfortable for the patientPositionso that the to of the IR is approximately 5 cm (2 inches) above the shoulders Critique PACEMAN   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 263)

Change: ----------------this page is under construction----------- Area Covered Pathology shownRadiographic AnatomyThoracic Spine Radiographic Anatomy IR Size & Orientation Film / Screen Combination (CR and DR as recommended by manufacturer) Bucky / Grid Filter Exposure FFD / SID Central Ray Collimation Markers Shielding (check your department's policy guidelines) Respiration Positioning   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 73)