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Radiographic Protocol Guide
Skull & Face
Facial Bones
- PA
- Waters
- PA 20-25 degs.
- Waters
Nasal
- Waters
- lateral (coned-down view of both Nasal Bone and Anterior Nasal Spine
- PA
- Townes
- Lateral
Mandible
- PA
- Lateral obliques - (both sides)
- Lateral mandible
- Townes
Temporo-mandibular jts.
- Dedicated TMJ views are possible using the OPG machine according to requirement:
- Functional open and closed views where dislocation or subluxation are suspected.
- PA's and Lateral's dedicated over the joints for fracture of the condyles.
Orbits (for foreign body)
- Eyes up
- Eyes down
- Lateral - done when a foreign body has been demonstrated on the above views
______________________________________
Spine
Cervical Spine
- AP (3-7)
- AP Odontoid (coned-down)
- Lateral - (horizontal ray where a cervical collar has been applied).
- swimmers if required
- Lateral erect in neutral position
- Lateral erect in Flexion
- Lateral erect in Extension
Lumbar Spine -
- AP
- LAT – The L5/SI is usually well visualised on the lateral projection using the CR and DR.
- Oblique
- L5 ,S1 spot
- Lateral erect in neutral position
- Lateral erect in Flexion
- Lateral erect in Extension
Thoracic Spine - radiographic anatomy
- AP
________________________________________________
Thorax
Chest- PA
- LAT – including paediatrics.
- Modification of technique and projection according to patient condition.
Ribs
Sternum
- PA chest
- Lateral Sternum
- RAO
______________________________________
Abdomen
Abdominal
- AP supine is the routine projection.
___________________________________________
Lower Limb
Pelvis
- AP Pelvis - including iliac crests
Hip
- AP Pelvis - A separate AP hip may need to be included if indicated or where proximal femur has not been adequately demonstrated. Iliac crests must be included.
- Lateral (frog-legged)
Sacroiliac joints
- AP
- Oblique (effective side up)
- AP, LAT
Knee - non trauma
- Oblique
- AP
- Lateral
Tib/ Fib
- AP,
Ankle
- Oblique
- Lateral
Foot
- AP, Oblique, Lateral
Toes
- AP, Oblique, Lateral
_________________________
Upper Limb
Shoulder
1. AP (internal and external views)
2. Lateral
Acromio-clavicular Joints.
- AP shoulder – to exclude trauma to the rest of the shoulder girdle.
- AP comparison (both sides) – non wt. bearing unless requested specifically.
Clavicle
- AP shoulder
Humerus
- AP
- LAT
Elbow
- AP
- LAT
- Oblique
Forearm
- AP
- LAT
Wrist
- PA
- OBL – not necessary with obvious deformity
- LAT
Hand
Finger
- PA hand
- OBL– not necessary with obvious deformity
- LAT
______________________________________
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Latest page update: made by
Anonymous
, Oct 29 2008, 10:17 PM EDT
(about this update
About This Update
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2 words added 275 words deleted view changes - complete history) |
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Keyword tags:
General Xray protocols
Positioning Protocols
Radiographic Protocols
Radiography Protocols
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