Development of the Arterial System

• The arterial system develops from the aortic arches and branches of the dorsal aorta.

• Aortic arch 1 has no derivative because it disappears soon after development.
• Aortic arch 2 has no derivative because it persists only during the early development.
• Aortic arch 3 forms the common carotid arteries and the proximal part of the internal carotid arteries.
• Aortic arch 4 forms the aortic arch on the left and the brachiocephalic artery and the proximal subclavian artery on the right.
• Aortic arch 5 has no derivative.
• Aortic arch 6 forms the proximal pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus

1. Posterolateral branches

• Form the intercostal, lumbar, vertebral, cervical, internal thoracic, and epigastric arteries, and arteries to upper and lower limbs.

2. Lateral branches

• Form the renal, suprarenal, and gonadal arteries.

3. Ventral branches

• Vitelline arteries form the celiac (foregut), superior mesenteric (midgut), and inferior mesenteric (hindgut) arteries.
• Umbilical arteries form a part of the internal iliac and superior vesical arteries.